"Bokahohleng ba lintho tse bonahalang" tsa tlhahiso ea indasteri, titanium carbide (TiC), silicon carbide (SiC), le carbide e entsoeng ka samente (eo hangata e thehiloeng ho tungsten carbide - cobalt, joalo-joalo) ke "lisebelisoa tsa linaleli" tse tharo tse khanyang. Ka thepa ea bona e ikhethang, ba bapala karolo ea bohlokoa likarolong tse fapaneng. Kajeno, re tla sheba ka botebo liphapang tsa thepa lipakeng tsa lisebelisoa tsena tse tharo le maemo ao li ipabolang ho tsona!
I. Hlooho - ho - Papiso ea Hlooho ea Thepa ea Lintho
| Mofuta oa Boitsebiso | Ho thatafala (Boleng ba Reference) | Boima ba 'mele (g/cm³) | Apara Resistance | Phahameng – Ho hanyetsa Mocheso | Botsitso ba Lik'hemik'hale | Mathata |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Titanium Carbide (TiC) | 2800 - 3200HV | 4.9 - 5.3 | E ntle haholo (e laoloa ke mekhahlelo e thata) | E tsitsitse ho ≈1400℃ | E hanana le li-acids le alkalis (ntle le li-acid tse matla tsa oxidizing) | E batla e le tlase (brittleness e hlahella haholoanyane) |
| Silicon Carbide (SiC) | 2500 - 3000HV (bakeng sa lirafshoa tsa SiC) | 3.1 – 3.2 | E ikhethang (e tšehelitsoe ke sebopeho sa covalent bond) | E tsitsitse ho ≈1600℃ (e boemong ba ceramic) | E matla haholo (e hanana le mecha ea phatlalatso ea lik'hemik'hale) | E leka-lekane (e brittle ka boemo ba ceramic; likristale tse le 'ngoe li na le boima) |
| Cemented Carbide (WC - Co e le mohlala) | 1200 - 1800HV | 13 - 15 (bakeng sa WC - Co letoto) | E ikhethang (WC hard phase + Co binder) | ≈800 - 1000℃ (ho ipapisitse le litaba tsa Co) | E hanana le li-acids, alkalis, le liaparo tsa abrasive | E ntle haholo (Mohato oa Co binder o matlafatsa boima) |
Karohano ea Thepa:
- Titanium Carbide (TiC): Ho thatafala ha eona ho haufi le daemane, ho etsa hore e be setho sa lelapa la super-hard material. Boima ba eona bo phahameng bo lumella boemo bo nepahetseng ka lisebelisoa tse nepahetseng tse hlokang "boima". Leha ho le joalo, e na le brittleness e phahameng 'me e atisa ho phunya tlas'a tšusumetso, kahoo e loketse haholoanyane bakeng sa maemo a tsitsitseng, a tlaase - a ho itšeha / ho apara - a hanyetsanang le maemo. Ka mohlala, hangata e sebelisoa e le ho roala lithulusi. Thepa ea TiC e ntle haholo - e thata ebile ha e koalehe, joalo ka ho beha "lihlomo tse sireletsang" holim'a tšepe e lebelo le lisebelisoa tsa carbide tse samenteng. Ha u seha tšepe e sa hloekang le tšepe ea alloy, e khona ho mamella mocheso o phahameng le ho fokotsa ho roala, ho lelefatsa bophelo ba lisebelisoa haholo. Ka mohlala, ha ho etsoa li-milling cutters, e thusa ho itšeha ka potlako le ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng.
- Silicon Carbide (SiC): "Moetsi ea phahameng ka ho fetisisa - ho hanyetsa mocheso"! E ka boloka ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng ka holimo ho 1600 ℃. Sebakeng sa ceramic, botsitso ba eona ba lik'hemik'hale bo tsoteha 'me ha bo kopane le li-acids le alkalis (ntle le tse seng kae tse kang hydrofluoric acid). Leha ho le joalo, brittleness ke taba e tloaelehileng bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa ceramic. Leha ho le joalo, single - crystal silicon carbide (e kang 4H - SiC) e ntlafalitse ho tiea 'me e khutlela morao ho li-semiconductors le lisebelisoa tse phahameng tsa maqhubu. Ka mohlala, SiC - lisebelisoa tsa ceramic tse thehiloeng ke "liithuti tse phahameng" har'a lisebelisoa tsa ceramic. Ba na le phahameng - ho hanyetsa mocheso le botsitso ba lik'hemik'hale. Ha u seha li-alloys tse phahameng (tse kang nickel-based alloys) le lisebelisoa tse brittle (tse kang tšepe ea tšepe), ha li na mokhoa oa ho khomarela lisebelisoa 'me li na le ho apara butle. Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la brittleness, li loketse ho qeta ka ho itšeha ho fokolang le ho nepahala ho phahameng.
- Carbide e entsoeng ka samente (WC - Co): Sebapali sa "top - tier lebaleng la ho itšeha"! Ho tloha ho lisebelisoa tsa lathe ho ea ho li-cutters tsa CNC tsa ho sila, ho tloha ho tšepe ea ho sila ho ea ho lejoe le chekang, e ka fumanoa hohle. Carbide e entsoeng ka samente e nang le dikahare tse tlase tsa Co (joalo ka YG3X) e loketse ho phethoa, athe e nang le litaba tse phahameng tsa Co (joalo ka YG8) e na le ts'ebetso e ntle ea ho hanyetsa 'me e khona ho sebetsana le machining a thata habonolo. Likarolo tse thata tsa WC li na le boikarabelo ba ho apara "ho mamella", 'me Co binder e sebetsa joaloka "khomaretsi" ho tšoara likaroloana tsa WC hammoho, ho boloka bobeli bo thata le bo thata. Le hoja ho hanyetsa ha eona ho phahameng - mocheso ha o tšoane le tse peli tsa pele, ts'ebetso ea eona e leka-lekaneng ka kakaretso e etsa hore e tšoanelehe bakeng sa mefuta e mengata ea maemo ho tloha ho itšeha ho ea ho liaparo - likarolo tse hanyetsanang.
II. Maemo a Kopo a Felletseng
1. Tšimo ea ho Seha
- Titanium Carbide (TiC): Hangata e sebetsa e le sekoaelo holim'a lisebelisoa! Seaparo sa TiC se thata ka ho fetesisa se beha "lihlomo tse sireletsang" holim'a litšepe tse lebelo le lisebelisoa tse entsoeng ka samente tsa carbide. Ha u seha tšepe e sa hloekang le tšepe ea alloy, e khona ho mamella mocheso o phahameng le ho fokotsa ho roala, ho lelefatsa bophelo ba lisebelisoa haholo. Ka mohlala, ka ho roala ha li-milling cutters, ho thusa ho itšeha ka potlako le ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng.
- Silicon Carbide (SiC): "Seithuti se phahameng" har'a lisebelisoa tsa ceramic! Lisebelisoa tsa ceramic tse thehiloeng ho SiC li na le ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng le botsitso ba lik'hemik'hale. Ha u seha li-alloys tse phahameng (tse kang nickel-based alloys) le lisebelisoa tse brittle (tse kang tšepe ea tšepe), ha li na mokhoa oa ho khomarela lisebelisoa 'me li na le ho apara butle. Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la brittleness, li loketse ho qeta ka ho itšeha ho fokolang le ho nepahala ho phahameng.
- Carbide e entsoeng ka samente (WC - Co): Sebapali sa "top - tier lebaleng la ho itšeha"! Ho tloha ho lisebelisoa tsa lathe ho ea ho li-cutters tsa CNC tsa ho sila, ho tloha ho tšepe ea ho sila ho ea ho lejoe le chekang, e ka fumanoa hohle. Carbide e entsoeng ka samente e nang le dikahare tse tlase tsa Co (joalo ka YG3X) e loketse ho phethoa, athe e nang le litaba tse phahameng tsa Co (joalo ka YG8) e na le ts'ebetso e ntle ea ho hanyetsa 'me e khona ho sebetsana le machining a thata habonolo.
2. Wear - Resistant Component Field
- Titanium Carbide (TiC): E sebetsa e le "mampoli ea hanellang" mefuteng e nepahetseng! Ka mohlala, ka hlobo ea metallurgy ea phofo, ha u hatella phofo ea tšepe, ho kenngoa ha TiC ho apara - ho hanyetsa 'me ho na le ho nepahala ho phahameng, ho etsa bonnete ba hore likarolo tse hatelitsoeng li na le litekanyo tse nepahetseng le libaka tse ntle,' me ha li khone ho "sebetsa" nakong ea tlhahiso ea bongata.
- Silicon Carbide (SiC): E na le "li-buffs tse peli" tsa ho hanyetsa ho apara le ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng! Lirolara le li-bearings tse phahameng - libopi tsa mocheso tse entsoeng ka lirafshoa tsa SiC ha li nolofatse kapa ho roala esita le ka holimo ho 1000 ℃. Hape, li-nozzles tsa lisebelisoa tsa sandblasting tse entsoeng ka SiC li ka mamella tšusumetso ea likaroloana tsa lehlabathe, 'me bophelo ba bona ba tšebeletso bo bolelele ka makhetlo a' maloa ho feta ba li-nozzles tse tloaelehileng tsa tšepe.
- Carbide e entsoeng ka samente (WC - Co): "Setsebi se nang le mekhoa e mengata - setsebi se hanyetsanang"! Meno a samente a carbide likotong tsa merafo a ka pshatla majoe ntle le tšenyo; li-carbide cutters tse hahiloeng holim'a lisebelisoa tsa mochini oa thebe li khona ho mamella mobu le lejoe la lehlabathe, 'me li ka "boloka li khutsitse" le ka mor'a ho etsa lithanele tsa limithara tse likete. Esita le mabili a eccentric a li-motor vibration motors a itšetlehile ka carbide e entsoeng ka samente bakeng sa ho hanyetsa ho apara ho netefatsa ho sisinyeha ho tsitsitseng.
3. Tšimo ea Electronics / Semiconductor
- Titanium Carbide (TiC): E hlaha likarolong tse ling tsa elektronike tse hlokang mocheso o phahameng - le ho hanyetsa ho apara holimo! Ka mohlala, ka li-electrode tsa li-tubes tsa elektronike tse phahameng - matla, TiC e na le mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso, motlakase o motle oa motlakase, le ho roala ho hanyetsa, ho nolofalletsa ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng libakeng tse phahameng tsa mocheso le ho netefatsa hore ho fetisoa ha matšoao a elektronike.
- Silicon Carbide (SiC): "Thato e ncha ho li-semiconductors"! Lisebelisoa tsa SiC semiconductor (tse kang li-module tsa matla a SiC) li na le ts'ebetso e ntle haholo ea maqhubu, maqhubu a phahameng, le mocheso o phahameng haholo. Ha li sebelisoa likoloing tsa motlakase le li-inverters tsa photovoltaic, li ka ntlafatsa haholo ts'ebetso le ho fokotsa molumo. Hape, li-wafers tsa SiC ke "motheo" oa ho etsa li-chips tse phahameng - khafetsa le tse phahameng, 'me li lebeletsoe haholo liteisheneng tsa 5G le li-avionics.
- Carbide e entsoeng ka samente (WC - Co): "Sesebelisoa se nepahetseng" ts'ebetsong ea elektronike! Mechini e entsoeng ka samente ea carbide bakeng sa ho cheka PCB e ka ba le bophara bo nyane joalo ka 0.1mm mme e khona ho phunya hantle ntle le ho robeha habonolo. Li-carbide tse kentsoeng ka har'a liforomo tsa ho paka li-chip li na le boits'oaro bo phahameng le ho se mamelle, ho netefatsa liphutheloana tse nepahetseng le tse tsitsitseng tsa li-chip pins.
III. Joang ho Khetha?
- Bakeng sa boima bo feteletseng le ho hanyetsa ho roala ho nepahetseng→ Khetha titanium carbide (TiC)! Ka mohlala, ka liaparo tse nepahetseng tsa hlobo le li-super-hard tool, li ka "mamella" ho apara le ho boloka ho nepahala.
- Bakeng sa ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng, botsitso ba lik'hemik'hale, kapa ho sebetsa ho li-semiconductors / lisebelisoa tse phahameng tsa maqhubu→ Khetha silicon carbide (SiC)! E bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa likarolo tsa sebōpi se phahameng - mocheso le lisebelisoa tsa matla tsa SiC.
- Bakeng sa ts'ebetso e leka-lekaneng ka kakaretso, ho koahela ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ho tloha ho ho itšeha ho ea ho ho apara - likopo tse hanyetsanang→ Khetha carbide e entsoeng ka samente (WC - Co)! Ke "sebapali se feto-fetohang" se koahelang lisebelisoa, liboro le likarolo tse sa sebetseng.
Nako ea poso: Phup-09-2025
